Skip to main content
ETS (Educational Testing Service, USA)

GRE General Test Preparation Guide 2025

Graduate Record Examination — US Graduate School & MBA Gateway

Verbal 130–170 (1-point increments)~3 hours 45 minutes (including breaks)Valid 5 years from exam dateFee ~₹18,000 (approximately $220 USD)

Exam at a glance

Conducting body

ETS (Educational Testing Service, USA)

Total duration

~3 hours 45 minutes (including breaks)

Score scale

Verbal 130–170 (1-point increments); Quant 130–170; AWA 0–6 (0.5-point)

Score validity

5 years from exam date

Exam fee

~₹18,000 (approximately $220 USD)

Test mode

Online (ProctorU home-based) or at Prometric test centres

Attempts allowed

Once per 21 days; maximum 5 times per 12 months

Indian relevance: GRE is the primary requirement for US MS programs — CS, ECE, Data Science, MBA (at select top schools), and UK/Europe Masters. GRE is cheaper than GMAT, accepted by more diverse programs, and has a more predictable Verbal (vocabulary + reading) format that some Indian aspirants find more coachable than GMAT Critical Reasoning.

Exam sections — what each tests

Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA)

2 questions60 minutes (two 30-min tasks)0–6 (scored separately from 260–340 total)
Analyze an Issue (30 min): write an essay taking a position on a complex issue, support with reasoning and examplesAnalyze an Argument (30 min): critique the logical soundness of a given argument — identify flaws, unwarranted assumptionsEssay structure: introduction (thesis), 2–3 body paragraphs, conclusionLogical clarity, specific examples, coherent developmentGrammar and vocabulary (academic standard)
Strategy: AWA score matters for PhD applications and some fellowships but is less critical for most MS/MBA admissions (schools care more about 260–340 score). Aim for 4.0+ (acceptable), 5.0+ (strong). Practise 8–10 Issue essays and 8–10 Argument essays from the ETS official pool (edutest.ets.org has the complete pool of ~250 issue topics and ~175 argument topics). ETS grades using e-rater + human readers — clear structure and logical flow matter more than literary style.

Verbal Reasoning

40 questions2 sections × 30 minutes each130–170 (scaled)
Text Completion: 1–3 blank sentences requiring contextually appropriate vocabularySentence Equivalence: choose 2 words that produce equivalent sentence meaningsReading Comprehension: 6–8 passages (short and long); inference, main idea, author tone, logical structureCritical Reasoning: a few argument-analysis questions embedded in RC sectionHigh-frequency GRE vocabulary (1,000–2,000 academic words)
Strategy: GRE Verbal is vocabulary-heavy (especially Text Completion and Sentence Equivalence) — this is different from GMAT Verbal. Memorise 1,000+ high-frequency GRE words from Manhattan GRE's "Essential Words" or Magoosh GRE vocabulary. For RC: read dense academic texts (New Yorker, Scientific American, The Economist) to build reading speed and comprehension. Target 160+ (top 15%) for competitive US CS programs.

Quantitative Reasoning

40 questions2 sections × 35 minutes each130–170 (scaled)
Arithmetic: fractions, decimals, percentages, exponents, square rootsAlgebra: equations, inequalities, functions, coordinate geometryGeometry: lines, angles, triangles, circles, polygons, 3D shapesData Analysis: statistics, probability, data interpretation (graphs, tables)Quantitative Comparison: compare two quantities (Column A vs Column B)
Strategy: GRE Quant is generally easier than GMAT Quant — questions are Class 10–12 level, though test strategy matters (Quantitative Comparison is unique to GRE). Indian engineering graduates typically score 160–168 with minimal preparation. If starting below 155: focus on geometry and data analysis (most Indians underperform here). Official ETS practice + Manhattan GRE Quant guide. Target 165+ for top US CS programs.

Target programs and score requirements

US Top-50 MS in CS / Engineering (2-year)

Quant 165–170; Verbal 155–162; AWA 4.0–5.0
MIT EECSStanford CSCarnegie Mellon CSUC Berkeley EECSGeorgia Tech CS

Most competitive category for Indian applicants; CS/ECE backgrounds compete in large pool; GRE Quant 168+ is the floor for MIT/Stanford; admit rates for Indian nationals at top-5 CS programs are 5–10%

US MBA Programs (GRE-Accepting)

Quant 163–167; Verbal 160–165; Total 325+
Harvard Business SchoolYale School of ManagementMIT SloanDartmouth TuckRoss (University of Michigan)

GRE-for-MBA is a growing trend; HBS class of 2026 had ~15% GRE applicants; useful for applicants pursuing both MS and MBA or targeting joint programs; GMAT is still the default for pure MBA applicants

US MS in Data Science / Analytics / Finance

Quant 163–168; Verbal 155–160
Columbia Data ScienceNYU Stern MSQFCornell MENGUniversity of Washington MS DSUT Austin MSBA

Growing demand from Indian tech professionals pivoting to data/analytics/finance roles in US; GRE is universally accepted; financial engineering and quantitative finance programs also accept GRE with strong Quant

UK / Europe Masters (MSc, MEng, MFin)

Quant 160+; Verbal 155+; some UK schools don't require GRE
LSE MSc Finance / EconomicsOxford MBA / MSc EconomicsCambridge MFinImperial College MScETH Zurich MSc (CS/Engineering)

Many UK/Europe programs make GRE optional or do not require it; check programme-specific requirements; ETH Zurich and some continental European schools rarely require GRE; LSE finance programs may require GMAT/GRE for some tracks

Preparation timeline

1

Phase 1 — Diagnostic + Vocabulary Foundation

3 weeks

Baseline score assessment + start vocabulary building immediately

  • Take official ETS free GRE practice exam (ets.org/powerprep) to establish baseline
  • Start Magoosh GRE vocabulary flashcards or Manhattan GRE Essential 500 words (do 30 words/day)
  • Quant: review OG GRE 5lb Book (chapters 1–5: arithmetic, algebra basics)
  • AWA: write one Issue essay and one Argument essay from ETS pool to calibrate baseline
  • Identify target schools and their GRE score expectations (look at class profiles)
2

Phase 2 — Section Mastery

6–8 weeks

Section-wise skill building; continue vocabulary daily

  • Vocabulary: complete Magoosh Top 1,000 flashcards; maintain 30 new words/day with spaced repetition
  • Verbal: practise 25 Text Completion + 25 Sentence Equivalence per week with error log
  • Verbal RC: read 2 dense academic passages daily (timed); practise ETS RC questions
  • Quant: OG GRE 5lb Book chapters 6–20 (geometry, data analysis, probability); 1 timed section weekly
  • AWA: write 2 essays/week; compare to ETS sample essays at 4.0, 5.0, and 6.0 levels
3

Phase 3 — Mock Tests + Final Sprint

3–4 weeks

Full 3h45m mocks; weak section targeting; exam scheduling

  • Full mock exams: 3 official PowerPrep tests (2 free + 2 paid) on alternate weeks
  • Score target: Quant 165+, Verbal 158+, AWA 4.5+ by mock 2
  • Vocabulary review: targeted repeat of lowest-retention words from Anki/Magoosh
  • RC speed: practise reading 400-word passages in 4 minutes or less
  • Schedule real exam when last two mocks match target; aim for extra week buffer

Common mistakes that cost 30–60 points

Neglecting GRE vocabulary building — Text Completion and Sentence Equivalence together account for 40–50% of GRE Verbal questions; these require direct vocabulary knowledge, not just reading skill; starting vocabulary 2 weeks before the exam is insufficient; 8+ weeks of daily flashcard review is standard

Treating GRE Quant as identical to GMAT Quant — GRE has Quantitative Comparison questions (a unique format not in GMAT) where strategy (substituting numbers, identifying special cases) matters as much as math knowledge; practise GRE-specific format separately

Skipping AWA preparation for MS applications — MS admissions committees at research-focused programs value writing ability; an AWA score of 3.0–3.5 raises red flags for PhD and research-track MS programs; aim for 4.5+

Using non-ETS practice materials exclusively — GRE questions have specific ETS phrasing and difficulty calibration; third-party materials (Kaplan, Princeton Review) have different difficulty distributions; use official ETS materials (PowerPrep, OG 5lb Book) as primary practice source

Underestimating preparation time for Verbal — Indian engineering backgrounds typically produce Quant 163–168 with 2 weeks of practice; Verbal often requires 8–12 weeks of vocabulary building and reading practice to reach 158+; planning only 4 weeks total leads to sub-optimal Verbal

Not sending scores strategically — GRE allows ScoreSelect (you choose which scores to send); this means you can retake without fear of previous scores being automatically sent; use this to your advantage by attempting the exam first before your application cycle

Frequently asked questions

Should I take GMAT or GRE for an MBA?

Both are now widely accepted by US MBA programs. GRE is better if you're also applying to MS programs (one test serves both). GMAT is better if MBA is your sole focus — most MBA programs have years of calibration on GMAT applicant data, and GMAT is still the default. For ISB Hyderabad: GMAT is strongly preferred. For US top-10 MBA: both accepted equally. For UK MBA (LBS, INSEAD): GMAT preferred but GRE accepted. The exam that suits your strengths (GMAT Verbal = grammar-heavy; GRE Verbal = vocabulary-heavy) should be the tiebreaker.

What GRE score do I need for top US CS programs?

For MIT, Stanford, Carnegie Mellon, UC Berkeley, and Georgia Tech CS: Quant 166–170 is the realistic floor (Quant 168+ strongly recommended). Verbal 155+ is acceptable (160+ is strong). AWA 4.0+ is standard. Note that GRE score is just one factor — research experience, SOP, LoRs, and undergraduate GPA are equally or more important for top CS programs. A Quant score of 170 alone does not guarantee admission; it is necessary but not sufficient.

How is the GRE scored and what is a good score?

GRE Verbal and Quant are each scored 130–170 (1-point increments). Total score range is 260–340 (AWA is reported separately). By percentile: Quant 165 = ~89th percentile; Quant 168 = ~95th percentile; Verbal 155 = ~68th percentile; Verbal 162 = ~90th percentile. A "good" GRE score depends entirely on your target programs: 315+ (Quant 163 + Verbal 152) is acceptable for most programs; 325+ (Quant 167 + Verbal 158) is competitive for top-50 programs; 330+ is excellent for any program.

Can I take the GRE from home?

Yes. ETS offers a home-based GRE via ProctorU — same exam, same scoring, fully accepted by all schools. Requirements: quiet room, desktop/laptop with webcam and microphone, government ID, no breaks other than the standard 10-minute break. Home testing is convenient but some candidates find proctoring software restrictive (no leaving the camera frame, specific room requirements). The test centre experience is more reliable for those without a dedicated quiet space at home.

Get mentored by someone who has cracked GRE 325+

Indian students and professionals targeting US graduate programs (MS in CS, Engineering, Data Science, Economics), US MBA programs that accept GRE (Harvard, Yale, MIT), UK Masters programs, and European Masters in Management; aspirants who prefer one test for both MS and MBA applications.